tgas semantic

Page 9
Exercises
ii.I The underlined words in the sentences below have a number of different meanings. What is their meaning in the contexts of these sentences

1. What does polysemy mean?
Answer: mean = definition of polysemy
2. What a note of any special register characteristics that a word has.
Answer: note = a short written
3. The judge increase the sentence to life imprisonment.
Answer: sentence = punishment
4. We had a light lunch.
Answer: light = a lunch that consist of small quantity-meals
5. Carl is very good at putting on different accents?
Answer: putting on = expressing or stating
6. Does spanish writing use any different accents?
Answer: accents = a mark, usually above a letter to indicate or emphasis the quality of a vowel sounds
7. Where does the stress go on the noun ‘photograpther’.
Answer: stress = an extra force used when pronouncing a particular word/syllabel
8. There are a lot of points to think about when considering the meaning of words.
Answer: points = topics that we have to discuss in discussion

ii.2 Choose a synonym from the box in order to complete the response to these statements.

Worn out famished annoying excruciating pouring
Appropriate brilliant gorgeous

1. Are you hungry? Yes, I’m ... .
Answer: famished
2. Is she an intelligent girl? Yes, she’s absolutely ... .
Answer: brilliant
3. Your little boy looks tired. Yes, he’s ... .
Answer: excruciating
4. I like her dress. Yes, isn’t it ... .
Answer: worn out
5. Is it raining? Yes, it’s ... .
Answer: pouring
6. The film was pretty bad, wasn’t it? Yes, I thought it was ... .
Answer: gorgeous
7. Did you think the sentence was fair? Yes, I thought it was ... .
Answer: appropriate
8. Does she delibrately wind him up? Yes, she loves ... him.
Answer: annoying

ii.3 Match the words on the left with the words they collocate with on the right.

Answer
1. to contemplate your feature
2. to dismiss a worker
3. to do some gardening
4. to dribble a ball
5. to have a good time
6. to make a mistake
7. to pay a rope
8. to plead innocence
9. to set an example
10. to shuffle cards
11. to waste an opportunity
12. to wind a compliment

ii.4 Answer the questions about connotation and register

1. Which of these things have lucky connotation in British English-horseshoe, mascot, black cat, the number 13?
Answer: Horseshoes and mascot
2. Mistletoe is a kind of parasitic plant, but what are its special connotations?
Answer:
3. Give the standard meaning and the informal meaning of the following words-loaf, bread, nick, kid, wicked.
Answer:
a. Loaf
Standard: a mass of bread shaped and baked in one piece.
Informal: to spend one’s time not working, or not doing what one should be doing.
b. Bread
Standard: a food made of flour, water, and ussually yeast mixed together and then baked.
Informal:a small loaf of bread for one person.
c. Nick
Standard: a very small cut.
Informal: to arrest somebody, to steal something.
d. Kid
Standard: a child or young person
Informal: to say something as a joke, often making someone believe something that is not true.
e. Wicked
Standard: people or their actions morally bad
Informal: excellent
4. What does the word register mean for a) linguist, b) a school teacher, c) a musician?
Answer:
A linguist = the style of language, grammar and words used for particular situations.
A school teacher = to put information, especially your name, into an official list or record.
A musician = all the notes that a musical instrument or a person's voice can produce, from the highest to the lowest.


Page 9
Exercise

iii.1 In a good dictionary, such as the Cambridge International Dictionary English, look up the word dissimilar. Are there any special aspects of usage that you should make a note of?
Answer:

If your dictionary does not tell you anything special about its usage, look at the notes about usage of dissmilar in unit 71

iii.2 Look in your dictionary and find out which two preposition normally follow the adjective liable.
Answer: preposition of for and to

iii.3 Find the dictionary which has the word aught in it. What special information does the dictionary give about its usage?
Answer:

ii.4 If you can acces internet, go to the website for Cambridge University Press dictionaries at dictionary.cambridge.org and find out if the two phrasal verbs catch up with and catch up on are the same, or wether there are differences in meaning.
Answer:
Catch up with and catch up on have different meaning.
- catch up with sb (PUNISH) phrasal verb.
If someone in authority catches up with you, they discover that you have been doing something wrong and often punish you for it: They had been selling stolen cars for years before the police caught up with them.
- Catch up with sb (CAUSE PROBLEMS) phrasal verb.
If something bad that you have done or that has been happening to you catches up with you, it begins to cause problems for you: His lies will catch up with him one day.
- Catch sb on the wrong foot.
If something catches you on the wrong foot, you are not prepared for it: I hadn't expected the question and it caught me on the wrong foot.
- Catch sb on the hop UK INFORMAL.
To do something when someone is not ready for it and is not able to deal with it: I'm afraid you've caught me on the hop I wasn't expecting you till next week.


Page 13
Exercise

iv.1 Choose between real and genuine in these sentences. Circle the more normal collocation. If both are acceptable, circle them both.

1. The Egyptian Pyramid hotel in Las Vegas is great, but I’d prefer to see the real/genuine thing.
Answer = genuine thing
2. He just does not live in the real/genuine world. He live in a fantasy world all the time.
Answer = real world
3. This briefcase is made of real/genuine leather.
Answer = real/genuine person
4. She is very real/genuine person. If she promises something, she’ll do it.
Answer = real person
5. This home-made champagne is nice, but it’s not as good as the real/genuine article.
Answer = genuine

iv.2 Choose one of the words below each sentence to fill the gaps. In each case only one of them is the normal collocation for the underlined word.

1. After his death, she went to the hospital to collect his personal ... .
a) affairs b) objects c) effects d) extras
Answer = b) objects
2. He made a rather ... attempt at an apology, but it didn’t convince anyone.
a) faint b)frail c)fragile d) feeble
Answer = d) feeble
3. George was a ... opponent, and I respected him for that.
a) formidable b) dreadful c) forbidding d) threatening
Answer = a) formidable
4. I was feeling ... anxious when she didn’t arrive.
a) totally b) pretty c) utterly d) blatantly
Answer = b) pretty
5. She seemed to be ... bewildered by the answer they gave her.
a) vividly b) strongly c) utterly d) heavily
Answer = b) strongly

iv.3 Circle the most suitable collocation in these sentences. The word you choose should have the approximate meaning given in brackets.
1. A brisk/brusque/brash (quick and energetic) walk before breakfast helps to enforce/sharpen/grow (increase, make stronger) the appetite.
Answer = - brisk
- grow
2. The death tally/tale/toll in the earthquake has now risen to 20,000. (number of total)
Answer = tally
3. Let’s take a sluggish/plodding/leisurely stroll along the beach, shall we? (slow and not energetic)
Answer = plodding
4. If you want to stay at home tonight, that’s utterly/perfectly/blatantly OK with me. (completely, 100%)
Answer = perfectly
5. My aunt bequeathed/bequested/bereaved ₤20,000 in her will to cancer research. (gave after her death)
Answer = bequested
6. If I remember rightly/keenly/fairly she had two brothers, both older than her. (correctly)
Answer = rightly
7. If you want information about the publisher of this book, you can accede/call/visit their website at www.cambridge.org. (consult, look at)
Answer = visit
8. Eating all those peanuts has spoilt/attacked/lowered my appetite. I don’t feel like dinner now. (destroyed, decreased)
Answer = attacked

iv.4 Which collocation is more likely? Circle the correct answer.
1. a strong car/ a powerful car 4. a doleful party / a doleful expression
2. strong tea / powerful tea 5. a lengthy car / a lengthy meeting
3. auburn hair/ auburn carpet

Answer
1. a powerful car
2. strong tea
3. auburn hair
4. a doleful expression
5. a lenghty meeting